Khakassia
| Republic of Khakassia (English) Республика Хакасия (Russian) Хакасия Республиказы (Khakas) |
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|---|---|
| - Republic - | |
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 Coat of arms of the Republic of Khakassia |
 Flag of the Republic of Khakassia |
| Anthem | none |
| Political status | |
| Country | Russia |
| Political status | Republic |
| Federal district | Siberian[1] |
| Economic region | East Siberian[2] |
| Capital | Abakan |
| Official languages | Russian[3]; Khakas[4] |
| Statistics | |
| Population (2002 Census)[5] | 546,072 inhabitants |
| - Rank within Russia | 71st |
| - Urban[5] | 70.8% |
| - Rural[5] | 29.2% |
| - Density | 8.82 /km2 (22.8 /sq mi)[6] |
| Area (as of the 2002 Census)[7] | 61,900 km2 (23,899.7 sq mi) |
| - Rank within Russia | 46th |
| Established | October 20, 1930 |
| License plates | 19 |
| ISO 3166-2:RU | RU-KK |
| Time zone | KRAT/KRAST (UTC+7/+8) |
| Government (as of October 2008) | |
| Chairman of the Government[8] | Viktor Zimin[9] |
| Legislature | Supreme Council[10] |
| Constitution | Constitution of the Republic of Khakassia |
| Official website | |
| http://www.rhlider.ru | |
Republic of Khakassia (Russian: Респу́блика Хака́сия; Khakass: Хакасия Республиказы) or Khakasiya (Хака́сия) is a federal subject of Russia (a republic) located in south central Siberia.
Abakan is the administrative centre of Khakassia, and with a population of around 160,000 making it the largest city.
Khakas is a Turkic language with co-official status in the republic.
Contents |
Administrative divisions
Demographics
- Population: 538,200 (2006 est.); 546,072 (2002 Census)
- Vital statistics
- Source: Russian Federal State Statistics Service]
| Births | Deaths | Birth rate | Death rate | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1970 | 7,347 | 3,749 | 16.4 | 8.4 |
| 1975 | 9,106 | 4,485 | 19.1 | 9.4 |
| 1980 | 9,994 | 5,345 | 19.7 | 10.5 |
| 1985 | 10,382 | 5,546 | 19.2 | 10.3 |
| 1990 | 8,724 | 6,060 | 15.3 | 10.6 |
| 1991 | 8,114 | 6,195 | 14.2 | 10.8 |
| 1992 | 6,917 | 6,843 | 12.0 | 11.9 |
| 1993 | 6,152 | 8,387 | 10.7 | 14.6 |
| 1994 | 6,219 | 9,426 | 10.9 | 16.5 |
| 1995 | 5,807 | 8,186 | 10.2 | 14.3 |
| 1996 | 5,727 | 8,093 | 10.1 | 14.2 |
| 1997 | 5,309 | 7,766 | 9.4 | 13.7 |
| 1998 | 5,602 | 7,821 | 10.0 | 13.9 |
| 1999 | 5,312 | 8,304 | 9.5 | 14.8 |
| 2000 | 5,634 | 8,104 | 10.1 | 14.6 |
| 2001 | 5,576 | 8,561 | 10.1 | 15.5 |
| 2002 | 6,118 | 9,280 | 11.2 | 17.0 |
| 2003 | 6,417 | 9,660 | 11.8 | 17.8 |
| 2004 | 6,453 | 8,763 | 11.9 | 16.2 |
| 2005 | 6,198 | 9,411 | 11.5 | 17.4 |
| 2006 | 6,465 | 7,927 | 12.0 | 14.8 |
| 2007 | 7,384 | 7,324 | 13.8 | 13.6 |
| 2008 | 7,935 | 7,427 | 14.8 | 13.8 |
In 2007 Khakassia recorded a positive natural increase of population for the first time in many years (Although very small, less than +0.01% per year), being one of the 20 Russian regions to have a positive natural population growth rate. [1] [2]
- Ethnic groups
According to the 2002 Russian Census, ethnic Russians make up 80.3% of the republic's population, while ethnic Khakas are only 12.0%. Other groups include ethnic Germans (1.7%), Ukrainians (1.5%), Tatars (0.7%), and a host of smaller groups, each accounting for less than 0.5% of the total population.
| 1926 census | 1939 census | 1959 census | 1970 census | 1979 census | 1989 census | 2002 census | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Khakas | 44,219 (49.8%) | 45,799 (16.8%) | 48,512 (11.8%) | 54,750 (12.3%) | 57,281 (11.5%) | 62,859 (11.1%) | 65,421 (12.0%) |
| Russians | 41,390 (46.6%) | 205,254 (75.3%) | 314,455 (76.5%) | 349,362 (78.4%) | 395,953 (79.4%) | 450,430 (79.5%) | 438,395 (80.3%) |
| Germans | 46 (0.1%) | 333 (0.1%) | 10,512 (2.6%) | 10,547 (2.4%) | 11,130 (2.2%) | 11,250 (2.0%) | 9,161 (1.7%) |
| Ukrainians | 836 (0.9%) | 7,788 (2.9%) | 14,630 (3.6%) | 9,480 (2.1%) | 10,398 (2.1%) | 13,223 (2.3%) | 8,360 (1.5%) |
| Others | 2,381 (2.7%) | 13,556 (5.0%) | 22,938 (5.6%) | 21,685 (4.9%) | 23,622 (4.7%) | 29,099 (5.4%) | 24,735 (4.5%) |
History
From the 6th century Khakassia was the core of the old Kyrgyz state. In the thirteenth century, following defeat by the Mongols, the majority of the Kyrgyz people migrated southwest to their current homeland in Central Asia (Kyrgyzstan). Modern Khakassians regard themselves as the descendants of those Kyrgyz who remained in Siberia. Khakassia was incorporated into the Russian state in 1707. In 1727 this was confirmed in a treaty between Russia and China. Tsarist policy was to deport convicted criminals from European Russia to Siberia and prisons were quickly constructed in Khakassia (1707 and 1718). Many prisoners stayed in the area on their release. Many of the indigenous Khakassian people converted to the Russian Orthodox church and were gradually forced to abandon their nomadic way of life. By the time of the Russian Revolution Russians made up approximately half of the population. Under Soviet rule autonomy was granted on 10 October 1930. During the 1920s and 1930s the Soviet authorities resettled an estimated quarter of a million Russians in the region. These were followed by 10,000 Volga Germans deported in World War II. By the time of the 1959 census ethnic Khakassians represented little more than one in ten of the population. Khakassia was given full autonomous republic status in 1991.
Economy
The main industries in the republic are coal mining, ore mining, and timber.
Sports
Sayany-Khakasiya has been playing in the highest division of Russian Bandy League for a long time. Last season they played in the 2nd highest division.
Views of Khakassia
 Khakassia view (photo 2000) |
 Eagle on megalith near village Kazanovka in Republic Khakassia, Russian Federation (photo 2000) |
 Megalith near village Kazanovka in Republic Khakassia, Russian Federation (photo 2000) |
 Megalith near village Safronov in Republic Khakassia, Russian Federation (photo 2000) |
 Megalith near village Safronov in Republic Khakassia, Russian Federation (photo 2000) |
 Rape valley in Republic Khakassia, Russian Federation (photo 2000) |
 Sunset near town Askiz in Republic Khakassia, Russian Federation (photo 2000) |
 Rape valley in Republic Khakassia, Russian Federation (photo 2000) |
See also
- List of Chairmen of the Supreme Council of Khakassia
- Music of Khakassia
References
- ↑ Президент Российской Федерации. Указ №849 от 13 мая 2000 г. «О полномочном представителе Президента Российской Федерации в федеральном округе». Вступил в силу 13 мая 2000 г. Опубликован: "Собрание законодательства РФ", №20, ст. 2112, 15 мая 2000 г. (President of the Russian Federation. Decree #849 of May 13, 2000 On the Plenipotentiary Representative of the President of the Russian Federation in a Federal District. Effective as of May 13, 2000).
- ↑ Госстандарт Российской Федерации. №ОК 024-95 27 декабря 1995 г. «Общероссийский классификатор экономических регионов. 2. Экономические районы», в ред. Изменения №5/2001 ОКЭР. (Gosstandart of the Russian Federation. #OK 024-95 December 27, 1995 Russian Classification of Economic Regions. 2. Economic Regions, as amended by the Amendment #5/2001 OKER. ).
- ↑ According to Article 68.1 of the Constitution of Russia, Russian is the official language on the whole territory of the Russian Federation. Article 68.2 further stipulates that only the republics have the right to establish official languages other than Russian.
- ↑ Constitution, Article 69
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Федеральная служба государственной статистики (Federal State Statistics Service) (2004-05-21). "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек (Population of Russia, its federal districts, federal subjects, districts, urban localities, rural localities—administrative centers, and rural localities with population of over 3,000)" (in Russian). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года (All-Russia Population Census of 2002). Federal State Statistics Service. http://perepis2002.ru/ct/html/TOM_01_04_1.htm. Retrieved 2010-03-01.
- ↑ The value of density was calculated automatically by dividing the 2002 Census population by the area specified in the infobox. Please note that this value may not be accurate as the area specified in the infobox is not necessarily reported for the same year as the Census (2002).
- ↑ Федеральная служба государственной статистики (Federal State Statistics Service) (2004-05-21). "Территория, число районов, населённых пунктов и сельских администраций по субъектам Российской Федерации (Territory, Number of Districts, Inhabited Localities, and Rural Administration by Federal Subjects of the Russian Federation)" (in Russian). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года (All-Russia Population Census of 2002). Federal State Statistics Service. http://perepis2002.ru/ct/html/TOM_01_03.htm. Retrieved 2008-10-17.
- ↑ Constitution, Article 88
- ↑ Official website of the Republic of Khakassia. Viktor Mikhaylovich Zimin (Russian)
- ↑ Constitution, Article 72
Sources
- Верховный Совет Республики Хакасия. №45 25 мая 1995 г. «Конституция Республики Хакасия», в ред. Конституционного закона №19-ЗРХ от 13 апреля 2007 г. (Supreme Council of the Republic of Khakassia. #45 May 25, 1995 Constitution of the Republic of Khakassia, as amended by the Constitutional Law #19-ZRKh of April 13, 2007. ).
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Bayan Olgiy (Mongolia)
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